![Chronic exposure to the opioid tramadol induces oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis, and alters cerebral monoamine neurotransmitters in rats - ScienceDirect Chronic exposure to the opioid tramadol induces oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis, and alters cerebral monoamine neurotransmitters in rats - ScienceDirect](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0753332218373244-gr9.jpg)
Chronic exposure to the opioid tramadol induces oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis, and alters cerebral monoamine neurotransmitters in rats - ScienceDirect
Where is the pain? A qualitative analysis of Ghana's opioid (tramadol) 'crisis' and youth perspectives | PLOS Global Public Health
![Addiction & Recovery Treatment Programs in South Lousiana - What Are the Side Effects of Long-Term Abuse of Tramadol? Addiction & Recovery Treatment Programs in South Lousiana - What Are the Side Effects of Long-Term Abuse of Tramadol?](https://townsendla.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/450x298xbigstock-Presciption-Medication-969717.jpg.pagespeed.ic_.Gum45HQpJd.jpg)